Refined sugar is more addictive than cocaine — one of the most addictive substances currently known. In one study, when rats were allowed to choose either sweetened water or cocaine, an astonishing 94 percent of rats chose the sweet water. Even rats that were addicted to cocaine quickly switched their preference to sugar once it was offered as a choice.
The researchers speculated that the sweet receptors (two protein receptors located on your tongue), which evolved in ancestral times when the diet was very low in sugar, have not adapted to modern times’ high-sugar consumption. Therefore, the abnormally high stimulation of these receptors by our sugar-rich diets generates excessive reward signals in your brain, which have the potential to override normal self-control mechanisms, and thus lead to addiction.
As the researchers noted:
” … these findings extend previous research by showing that an intense sensation of sweetness surpasses maximal cocaine stimulation, even in drug-sensitized and -addicted users. The absolute preference for taste sweetness may lead to a re-ordering in the hierarchy of potentially addictive stimuli, with sweetened diets (i.e., containing natural sugars or artificial sweeteners) taking precedence over cocaine and possibly other drugs of abuse.”
Just some of the 100+ references on this subject:
1. Frequent ice cream consumption is associated with reduced striatal response to receipt of an ice cream-based milkshake. Burger KS, Stice E. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Apr;95(4):810-7. Epub 2012 Feb 15. PMID: 22338036
2. Negative affect and neural response to palatable food intake in bulimia nervosa. Bohon C, Stice E. Appetite. 2012 Jun;58(3):964-70. Epub 2012 Mar 2. PMID: 22387716
3. Youth at risk for obesity show greater activation of striatal and somatosensory regions to food. Stice E, Yokum S, Burger KS, Epstein LH, Small DM. J Neurosci. 2011 Mar 23;31(12):4360-6. PMID: 21430137
4. An fMRI study of obesity, food reward, and perceived caloric density. Does a low-fat label make food less appealing? Ng J, Stice E, Yokum S, Bohon C. Appetite. 2011 Aug;57(1):65-72. Epub 2011 Apr 8. PMID: 21497628
5. Reducing ice cream energy density does not condition decreased acceptance or engender compensation following repeated exposure. Specter SE, Bellisle F, Hémery-Véron S, Fiquet P, Bornet FR, Slama G. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1998 Oct;52(10):703-10.
PMID: 9805215
6. Relation of reward from food intake and anticipated food intake to obesity: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Stice E, Spoor S, Bohon C, Veldhuizen MG, Small DM. J Abnorm Psychol. 2008 Nov;117(4):924-35. PMID: 19025237
7. Relation of dietary restraint scores to activation of reward-related brain regions in response to food intake, anticipated intake, and food pictures. Burger KS, Stice E.
Neuroimage. 2011 Mar 1;55(1):233-9. Epub 2010 Dec 13. PMID: 21147234

